Background: Clinical case illustrations of patients with an impairment of personality functioning (IPF) have repeatedly reported that progress during psychotherapy is reflected by alterations in dream content. However, quantitative studies based on samples of psychotherapy patients are scarce. As a core component of both personality functioning and contemporary psychodynamic dream theory, the construct of affect regulation is of specific significance in this context. Aims: To test if improvement in personality functioning in the course of psychotherapy is associated with an increasing ability to regulate affects in dreams. Method: In a longitudinal design, affect regulation was compared in N = 94 unsolicited dream reports from the first vs. last third of long term psychotherapy of ten patients with initial IPF. Dream reports were transcribed from recordings of the sessions. Expert ratings of the level of personality functioning were obtained using the Scales of Psychological Capacities. The capacity for affect regulation was assessed using the Zurich Dream Process Coding System. Group differences were assessed using linear mixed models, controlling for dream length as well as the nested structure of this data set. Results: Patients demonstrated an increased capacity for affect regulation in dreams that was primarily evident in three core features: the complexity of dream elements (cf., e.g., parameter attributes, p = 0.024); the extent of affective involvement in the dream ego (cf., e.g., parameter subject feeling, p = 0.014); and the flexibility to regulate the dynamics of safety/involvement processes (p = < 0.001). This pattern was especially prominent in a subgroup (n = 7) of patients with more pronounced improvements in personality functioning. Conclusion: These findings support the hypotheses that decreasing IPF during psychotherapy is associated with increases in the capacity for affect regulation in dreams. Thus, researchers and therapists can utilize dream reports to illuminate the important aspects of treatment progress in clinical practice. Full article

To improve the power generation efficiency of offshore wind turbines and address the problem of high fire monitoring and warning costs, we propose a data-driven fire warning method based on transfer learning for wind turbines in this paper. This paper processes wind turbine operation data in a SCADA system. It uses an extreme gradient-boosting tree (XGBoost) algorithm to build an offshore wind turbine unit fire warning model with a multiparameter prediction function. This paper selects some parameters from the dataset as input variables for the model, with average cabin temperature, average outdoor temperature, average cabin humidity, and average atmospheric humidity as output variables. This paper analyzes the distribution information of input and output variables and their correlation, analyzes the predicted difference, and then provides an early warning for wind turbine fires. This paper uses this fire warning model to transfer learning to different models of offshore wind turbines in the same wind farm to achieve fire warning. The experimental results show that the prediction performance of the multiparameter is accurate, with an average MAPE of 0.016 and an average RMSE of 0.795. It is better than the average MAPE (0.051) and the average RMSE (2.020) of the prediction performance of a backpropagation (BP) neural network, as well as the average MAPE (0.030) and the average RMSE (1.301) of the prediction performance of random forest. The transfer learning model has good prediction performance, with an average MAPE of 0.022 and an average RMSE of 1.469. Full article

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as one of the de-facto privacy-preserving paradigms that can effectively work with decentralized data sources (e.g., hospitals) without acquiring any private data. Recently, applications of FL have vastly expanded into multiple domains, particularly the medical domain, and FL is becoming one of the mainstream technologies of the near future. In this study, we provide insights into FL fundamental concepts (e.g., the difference from centralized learning, functions of clients and servers, workflows, and nature of data), architecture and applications in the general medical domain, synergies with emerging technologies, key challenges (medical domain), and potential research prospects. We discuss major taxonomies of the FL systems and enlist technical factors in the FL ecosystem that are the foundation of many adversarial attacks on these systems. We also highlight the promising applications of FL in the medical domain by taking the recent COVID-19 pandemic as an application use case. We highlight potential research and development trajectories to further enhance the persuasiveness of this emerging paradigm from the technical point of view. We aim to concisely present the progress of FL up to the present in the medical domain including COVID-19 and to suggest future research trajectories in this area. Full article

Patient outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have improved over the last 30 years due to better techniques, therapies, and care processes. This study evaluated contemporary predictors of post-PCI major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and summarized risk in a parsimonious risk prediction model. Methods: The Cardiovascular Patient-Level Analytical Platform (CLiPPeR) is an observational dataset of baseline variables and longitudinal outcomes from the American College of Cardiology’s CathPCI Registry^® and national claims data. Cox regression was used to evaluate 2–6 years of patient follow-up (mean: 2.56 years), ending in December 2017, after index PCI between 2012 and 2015 (N = 1,450,787), to examine clinical and procedural predictors of MACE (first myocardial infarction, stroke, repeat PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting, and mortality). Cox analyses of post-PCI MACE were landmarked 28 days after index PCI. Results: Overall, 12.4% (n = 179,849) experienced MACE. All variables predicted MACE, with cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, four diseased coronary vessels, and chronic kidney disease having hazard ratios (HRs) ≥ 1.50. Other major predictors of MACE were in-hospital stroke, three-vessel disease, anemia, heart failure, and STEMI presentation. The index revascularization and discharge prescription of aspirin, P2Y₁₂ inhibitor, and lipid-lowering medication had HR ≤ 0.67. The primary Cox model had c-statistic c = 0.761 for MACE versus c = 0.701 for the parsimonious model and c = 0.752 for the parsimonious model plus treatment variables. Conclusions: In a nationally representative US sample of post-PCI patients, predictors of longitudinal MACE risk were identified, and a parsimonious model efficiently encapsulated them. These findings may aid in assessing care processes to further improve care post-PCI outcomes. Full article

Lipedema is a subcutaneous adipose tissue disorder characterized by increased pathological adipocytes mainly in the extremities. Vitamin D is stored in adipocytes, and serum levels inversely correlate with BMI. As adipocytes are removed during liposuction, lipedema patients might be prone to further substantial vitamin D loss while their levels are already decreased. Therefore, we examined the effect of liposuction on perioperative serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Methods: In patients undergoing lipedema liposuction, blood samples were obtained pre- and postoperatively. Statistical analyses were performed to correlate the volume of lipoaspirate, patients’ BMI and number of sessions to vitamin D levels. Results: Overall, 213 patients were analyzed. Mean liposuction volume was 6615.33 ± 3884.25 mL, mean BMI was 32.18 ± 7.26 kg/m². mean preoperative vitamin D levels were 30.1 ± 14.45 ng/mL (borderline deficient according to the endocrine society) and mean postoperative vitamin D levels were 21.91 ± 9.18 ng/mL (deficient). A significant decrease in serum vitamin D was seen in our patients (p < 0.001) of mean 7.83 ng/mL. The amount of vitamin D loss was not associated with BMI or aspiration volume in our patients (p > 0.05). Interestingly, vitamin D dynamics showed a steady drop regardless of volume aspirated or preoperative levels. Conclusion: Many lipedema patients have low vitamin D levels preoperatively. Liposuction significantly reduced these levels additionally, regardless of aspirated volume or BMI. However, vitamin D loss was constant and predictable; thus, patients at risk are easily identified. Overall, lipedema patients undergoing liposuction are prone to vitamin D deficiency, and the long-term effects in this population are currently unknown. Full article

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based clinical metabolomics is very promising for the discovery of new biomarkers and diagnostics. However, poor data accuracy and reproducibility limit its true potential, especially when performing data analysis across multiple sample sets. While high-resolution mass spectrometry has gained considerable popularity for discovery metabolomics, triple quadrupole (QqQ) instruments offer several benefits for the measurement of known metabolites in clinical samples. These benefits include high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range. Here, we present the Olaris Global Panel (OGP), a HILIC LC-QqQ MS method for the comprehensive analysis of ~250 metabolites from all major metabolic pathways in clinical samples. For the development of this method, multiple HILIC columns and mobile phase conditions were compared, the robustness of the leading LC method assessed, and MS acquisition settings optimized for optimal data quality. Next, the effect of U-¹³C metabolite yeast extract spike-ins was assessed based on data accuracy and precision. The use of these U-¹³C-metabolites as internal standards improved the goodness of fit to a linear calibration curve from r² < 0.75 for raw data to >0.90 for most metabolites across the entire clinical concentration range of urine samples. Median within-batch CVs for all metabolite ratios to internal standards were consistently lower than 7% and less than 10% across batches that were acquired over a six-month period. Finally, the robustness of the OGP method, and its ability to identify biomarkers, was confirmed using a large sample set. Full article

Modern stealth application systems require integrated meta-devices to operate effectively and have gained significant attention recently. This research paper proposes a 1-bit coding metasurface (CM) design. The fundamental component of the proposed CM is integrated to convert linearly polarized incoming electromagnetic waves into their orthogonal counterpart within frequency bands of 12.37–13.03 GHz and 18.96–32.37 GHz, achieving a polarization conversion ratio exceeding 99%. Furthermore, it enables linear-to-circular polarization conversion from 11.80 to 12.29, 13.17 to 18.44, and 33.33 to 40.35 GHz. A second element is produced by rotating a fundamental component by 90°, introducing a phase difference of π (pi) between them. Both elements are arranged in an array using a random aperiodic coding sequence to create a 1-bit CM for reducing the radar cross-section (RCS). The planar structure achieved over 10 dB RCS reduction for polarized waves in the frequency bands of 13.1–13.8 GHz and 20.4–30.9 GHz. A prototype was fabricated and tested, with the experimental results showing a good agreement with the simulated outcomes. The proposed design holds potential applications in radar systems, reflector antennas, stealth technologies, and satellite communication. Full article

Cu/SAPO-34 synthesized via a one-pot method with relatively low silicon content and copper loading at around 2 wt.% facilitated continuous oxidation of methane to methanol with a methanol space time yield of 504 μmol_CH3OH/g_cat/h. Remarkably, the methanol yield exceeded 1800 mmol_CH3OH/mol_Cu/h at 623 K. Typically, the presence of trace oxygen in the system was the key to maintaining the high selectivity to methanol. Characterization results from a series of techniques, including XRD, SEM, TEM, H₂-TPR, NH₃-TPD, UV-vis, and FTIR, indicated that Cu²⁺ existed in the position where it moves from hexagonal rings to elliptical cages as the active center. Full article

Background: Molar distalization is used to correct molar relationships or to create space for mild anterior crowding. However, whether clear aligners can provide proper vertical control with the sequential distalization strategy has been highly debated. Thus, the current study aimed to systematically review the amount of dentoskeletal changes in the vertical dimension that results from sequential molar distalization in clear aligner therapy without temporary anchorage devices (TADs). Methods: Registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023447211), relevant original studies were screened from seven databases and supplemented by a manual search by two investigators independently. Articles were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and a risk of bias assessment was conducted for each included article. Relevant data were extracted from the included articles and meta-analysis was performed using RStudio. Results: Eleven articles (nine for maxillary distalization and two for mandibular distalization) were selected for the final review. All studies have a high or medium risk of bias. For maxillary molar distalization, the meta-analysis revealed 0.26 mm [0.23 mm, 0.29 mm] of maxillary first molar intrusion based on post-distalization dental model analysis, as well as 0.50 mm [−0.78 mm, 1.78 mm] of maxillary first molar intrusion and 0.60 mm [−0.42 mm, 1.62 mm] of maxillary second molar intrusion based on post-treatment lateral cephalometric analysis. Skeletally, there was a −0.33° [−0.67°, 0.02°] change in the SN-GoGn angle, −0.23° [−0.30°, 0.75°] change in the SN-MP angle, and 0.09° [−0.83°, 1.01°] change in the PP-GoGn angle based on post-treatment lateral cephalometric analysis. There was insufficient data for meta-analysis for mandibular molar distalization. Conclusions: No significant changes in vertical dimension were observed, both dentally and skeletally, after maxillary molar distalization with a sequential distalization strategy. However, further studies on this topic are needed due to the high risk of bias in the currently available studies. Full article

Background: The concomitant occurrence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) causes a significant worsening of a patient’s clinical condition. Indexes that employ anthropometric measurements alone or associated with blood parameters have been investigated for their ability to identify MetS. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of three of these indexes, the body adiposity index (BAI), the lipid accumulation product index (LAP), and the cardiometabolic index (CMI), in a cohort of 1912 adult subjects with obesity. Methods and Results: MetS was found in 62.3% of the enrolled subjects, with a higher prevalence in males (72.5%) than females (60.9%). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to define which index performed better. The BAI was found to be the lowest-performing index, with an ROC area of 0.50, a sensitivity of 30.31%, a specificity of 74.48%, and a likelihood ratio of 1.19. On the contrary, the LAP and the CMI showed a comparable ROC area of 0.82. The LAP had a sensitivity of 63.06%, a specificity of 86.55%, and a likelihood ratio of 4.69, while the CMI had a sensitivity of 67.59%, specificity of 81.55%, and a likelihood ratio of 3.66. The analysis was also performed in the group divided into males and females, with overlapping results. Conclusions: The LAP and the CMI performed better than the BAI in detecting MetS both in the general population with obesity and in the male/female subgroups. In the future, it will be important to validate these useful diagnostic tools in order to employ them in clinical practices. Full article

In this work, we use density functional theory to investigate the electronic structure of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) oligomers with co-located AlCl₄⁻ anions, a promising combination for energy storage. The 1980s bipolaron model remains the dominant interpretation of the electronic structure of PEDOT despite recent theoretical progress that has provided new definitions of bipolarons and polarons. By considering the influence of oligomer length, oxidation or anion concentration and spin state, we find no evidence for many of the assertions of the 1980s bipolaron model and so further contribute to a new understanding. No self-localisation of positive charges in PEDOT is found, as predicted by the bipolaron model at the hybrid functional level. Instead, our results show distortions that exhibit a single or a double peak in bond length alternations and charge density. Either can occur at different oxidation or anion concentrations. Rather than representing bipolarons or polaron pairs in the original model, these are electron distributions driven by a range of factors. Distortions can span an arbitrary number of nearby anions. We also contribute a novel conductivity hypothesis. Conductivity in conducting polymers has been observed to reduce at anion concentrations above 0.5. We show that at high anion concentrations, the energy of the localised, non-bonding anionic orbitals approaches that of the system HOMO due to Coulombic repulsion between anions. We hypothesize that with nucleic motion in the macropolymer, these orbitals will interfere with the hopping of charge carriers between sites of similar energy, lowering conductivity. Full article

This article proposes a new self-calibration method for circular encoders based on inertia and a single read-head. The velocity curves of the circular encoder are fitted with polynomials and, based on the principle of circle closure and the periodicity of the distribution for angle intervals, the proportionality between the theoretical value and the actual value of each angle interval is obtained. In the experimental system constructed, the feasibility of the proposed method was verified through self-calibration experiments, repeatability experiments, and comparative experiments with the time-measurement dynamic reversal (TDR) method. In addition, this article also proposes an iterative method to improve the self-calibration accuracy. Experimental verification was carried out, and the results show that the new method can effectively compensate for the error of angle measurement in the circular encoder. The peak-to-peak value of the error of angle measurement was reduced from 239.343” to 11.867”, and the repeatability of the calibration results of the new method was less than 2.77”. Full article

Silver birch, a widely distributed deciduous tree native to Europe, is valued for its wood applications in construction, furniture making, and paper production. In Lithuania, silver birch ranks as the third most common forest-tree species, comprising 22% of the forested areas, and is an important species for tree breeding due to its potential and adaptability. This study was focused on assessing the mechanical properties of wood (sample and log hardness, wood density, dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEdyn), static modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength (MOR)) in silver birch (Betula pendula L. Roth.) trees from different half-sibling families. Two experimental plantations of the progenies of Lithuanian populations (half-sib families) of silver birch from different regions were analysed. From these plantations, four genetic families were selected for mechanical properties evaluation. The study findings revealed significant variability in various wood properties among different genetic families, although the static modulus of elasticity did not exhibit significant differences between the chosen genetic families. All measured wood properties decreased from the bottom to the top of the model trees. Wood hardness displayed a moderately negative correlation for wood density and weak correlations for MOE and MOR. Given the weak correlations between wood hardness and other wood mechanical properties, it is suggested that MOEdyn would be a more suitable trait for genetic studies. Full article

This retrospective cohort study evaluates the safety and efficacy of replacement therapy with regard to pregnancy outcomes in hemophilia carriers. Hemophilia carriers face elevated bleeding risks during pregnancy, necessitating meticulous management, including replacement therapy with clotting factors. This research examines the records of 64 pregnant hemophilia carriers at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, from January 2010 to December 2023, analyzing their demographic details, hemophilia type and severity, replacement therapy specifics, and pregnancy outcomes. The study found that 62.5% of the participants had hemophilia A, with 43.8% categorized as severe. Most subjects (87.5%) received recombinant factor VIII at a median dosage of 30 IU/kg weekly. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included gestational hypertension (15.6%), preterm labor (18.8%), and postpartum hemorrhage (12.5%). The cesarean section rate was 28.1%. Neonatal outcomes were generally favorable, with median birth weights at 3100 g and mean Apgar scores of 8.2 and 9.1 at 1 and 5 min, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association between adverse events and therapy type or dosage, though a trend towards significance was noted with once-weekly administration (p = 0.082). The study concludes that replacement therapy is a viable method for managing hemophilia in pregnant carriers, leading to generally favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, it underscores the importance of individualized treatment plans and close monitoring to effectively manage the risks associated with hemophilia during pregnancy. Full article

Proteogenomics represents a transformative intersection in nephrology, uniting genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics to unravel the molecular intricacies of kidney diseases. This review encapsulates the methodological essence of proteogenomics and its profound implications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) research. We explore the proteogenomic pipeline, highlighting the integrated analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data and its pivotal role in enhancing our understanding of kidney pathologies. Through case studies, we showcase the application of proteogenomics in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD), emphasizing its potential in personalized treatment strategies and biomarker discovery. The review also addresses the challenges in proteogenomic analysis, including data integration complexities and bioinformatics limitations, and proposes solutions for advancing the field. Ultimately, this review underscores the prospective future of proteogenomics in nephrology, particularly in advancing personalized medicine and providing novel therapeutic insights. Full article

Several extensions of the basic scalar variable logistic density to the multivariate and matrix-variate cases, in the real and complex domains, are given where the extended forms end up in extended zeta functions. Several cases of multivariate and matrix-variate Bayesian procedures, in the real and complex domains, are also given. It is pointed out that there are a range of applications of Gaussian and Wishart-based matrix-variate distributions in the complex domain in multi-look data from radar and sonar. It is hoped that the distributions derived in this paper will be highly useful in such applications in physics, engineering, statistics and communication problems, because, in the real scalar case, a logistic model is seen to be more appropriate compared to a Gaussian model in many industrial applications. Hence, logistic-based multivariate and matrix-variate distributions, especially in the complex domain, are expected to perform better where Gaussian and Wishart-based distributions are currently used. Full article

During shield construction in underground spaces, synchronous grouting slurry is poured between the surrounding rock and tunnel lining to ensure stability. For synchronous grouting slurries, few studies have investigated the relationship between the rheological parameters and physical properties, grout-segregation mechanism, and anti-segregation performance. Therefore, we explored the relationships between the slurry rheological parameters, segregation rate, and bleeding rate. Cement, sand, fly ash, and bentonite were used to prepare the slurry, and the effects of different polycarboxylate water-reducing agents and dispersible latex powder dosages were studied. The rheological parameters of 16 groups of uniformly designed slurries were tested, and the data were fit using the Herschel–Bulkley model. The optimal mix ratio lowered the slurry segregation rate, and its rheological behaviour was consistent with the Herschel–Bulkley fluid characteristics. High-yield-shear-stress synchronous grouting slurries with high and low viscosity coefficients were less likely to bleed and segregate, respectively. The optimised slurry fluidity, 3 h bleeding rate, 24 h bleeding rate, segregation rate, coagulation time, and 28 days compressive strength were 257.5 mm, 0.71%, 0.36%, 3.1%, 6.7 h, and 2.61 MPa, respectively, which meet the requirements of a synchronous grouting slurry of shield tunnels for sufficiently preventing soil disturbance and deformation in areas surrounding underground construction sites. Full article

To explore the effects of different preservation methods on the quality of loquat after fresh-keeping treatment, various preservation techniques were employed. These included natural preservation (NP), vacuum freezing preservation (VFP), vacuum at room temperature preservation (VP) and freezing preservation (FP). The quality assessment involved analyzing the effects of these preservation methods using physicochemical indexes, a colorimeter, an electronic nose (E-nose), an electronic tongue (E-tongue) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results showed minor differences in loquat quality under different preservation methods, with sensory scores ranging from 55 to 78 and ΔE values ranging from 11.92 to 18.59. Significant variations were observed in moisture content (ranging from 53.20 g/100 g to 87.20 g/100 g), calorie content (ranging from 42.55 Kcal/100 g to 87.30 Kcal/100 g), adhesion (ranging from 0.92 to 1.84 mJ) and hardness (ranging from 2.97 to 4.19 N) (p < 0.05). Additionally, the free amino acid content varied from 22.47 mg/g to 65.42 mg/g. GC–MS analysis identified a total of 47 volatile flavor substances in varieties of loquats, including 13 aldehydes, 9 esters, 6 ketones, 2 acids, 3 alcohols, 2 phenols, 3 pyrazines, 1 furan and 8 other substances. The relative content of aldehydes was significantly higher than that of other chemicals. The VFP and FP samples exhibited higher aldehyde content compared to the NP and VP samples. Moreover, Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed 18 marked compounds that could differentiate between 5 loquat species. Analysis using E-nose and E-tongue indicated significant changes in the olfactory and gustatory senses of loquats following preservation. The VFP samples demonstrated the most effective preservation of loquat quality with minimal impact. This study provides some theoretical guidance for the home preservation of loquats. Full article

Electrical tomography sensors have been widely used for pipeline parameter detection and estimation. Before they can be used in formal applications, the sensors must be calibrated using enough labeled data. However, due to the high complexity of actual measuring environments, the calibrated sensors are inaccurate since the labeling data may be uncertain, inconsistent, incomplete, or even invalid. Alternatively, it is always possible to obtain partial data with accurate labels, which can form mandatory constraints to correct errors in other labeling data. In this paper, a semi-supervised fuzzy clustering algorithm is proposed, and the fuzzy membership degree in the algorithm leads to a set of mandatory constraints to correct these inaccurate labels. Experiments in a dredger validate the proposed algorithm in terms of its accuracy and stability. This new fuzzy clustering algorithm can generally decrease the error of labeling data in any sensor calibration process. Full article

A high-precision catadioptric telescope such as a space-borne telescope is usually tested with interferometer to check the optical quality in assembly. The coarse and fine alignment of the telescope are mainly based on the information from the coordinate measuring machine and the fringe pattern of the interferometer, respectively. In addition, further fine-tuning can be achieved according to the variation in wavefront error and Zernike data. The issue is that the vast majority of the catadioptric telescopes contain plural lens surfaces which could produce unwanted ghost fringes, disturbing the wavefront measurement. Technically, off-axis installation to shift away ghost fringes from central interferogram could be acceptable in some cases. Nevertheless, in this paper, the source of ghost fringe in interferometric measurement for catadioptric telescopes is investigated with light path simulation, and a solution of reducing the f-number of the diverger lens is proposed to eliminate the ghost fringe disturbance. Both simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed concept. Full article

In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, in order to clarify the investment direction for investors, China Securities Index Co., Ltd. (CSI) has collaborated with the Shanghai Environmental Energy Exchange to develop the CSI SEEE Carbon Neutral Index (CSCNI), which has also played a leading role in the subsequent preparation of the Green Finance Index. The launch of this index has sparked research interest among scholars in stimulating investor order aggressiveness. This study employs event study methodology to examine the impact of the CSCNI launch on order aggressiveness. The sample companies are categorized into two groups: deep low-carbon and high-carbon reduction, with a focus on studying buy and sale order aggressiveness. The results indicate that the launch of CSCNI has mobilized order aggressiveness but has led to a negative stock price effect as investors anticipate an increase in environmental costs for the sample companies. Furthermore, we reveal that the long-term growth potential of the deep low-carbon field is more promising compared to the high-carbon reduction sector, making stocks in the deep low-carbon field more attractive. The launch of CSCNI has shown contrasting effects on the buy and sale order aggressiveness of investors, with the impact of the index announcement being more significant on the sample companies. This research provides valuable insights for evaluating the impact of green finance indices and contributes to the understanding of internal mechanisms. It provides an important reference for financial regulators to evaluate the development of the current green index. At the same time, it expands the domestic research on order aggressiveness, which studies the action mechanism of the stock price effect of the green stock index from the perspective of order aggressiveness. Full article

It is beneficial in terms of the theoretical significance and application prospects to define the structure and reservoir development model of the lower Paleozoic unconformity in the Jiyang Depression of Bohai Bay Basin, China, for oil and gas exploration of unconformity in carbonate strata. Geological and geochemical evidence shows that a regional unconformity formed during the Huaiyuan Movement in the lower Paleozoic strata of the Jiyang Depression. Along the top of the regional unconformity between the Yeli Liangjiashan Formation and Fengshan Formation, various types of karst breccia have developed, showing prominent characteristics of development and vertical karst zonation. The paleokarst zone can be divided into the vadose zone and the underflow zone, and there are apparent differences between the two zones in terms of the mode of karst activity and type of reservoir space. Primitive sedimentary microfacies, dolomitization, and supergene karstification controlled the reservoirs of the Fengshan Formation and Yeli-Liangjiashan Formation. There are significant differences in the original physical properties due to the differences in the original sedimentary microfacies. The pore development of granular dolomite of high-energy beach facies has the best reservoir performance. In the later period, the superposition of dolomitization and supergene karstification resulted in apparent differences in karst development mode, development intensity, reservoir type, and reservoir physical properties. Among them, the granular dolomite reservoir has the best physical properties and has developed a cavity-type reservoir that has a planar distribution along an unconformity surface. Full article