Examining the distribution patterns and spatiotemporal niche overlap of sympatric species is crucial for understanding core concepts in community ecology and for the effective management of multi-species habitats within shared landscapes. Using data from 26 camera-traps, recorded over two years (December 2020–November 2022), in Sidi Toui National Park (STNP), Tunisia, we investigate habitat use and activity patterns of the scimitar-horned oryx (n = 1865 captures) and dorcas gazelle (n = 1208 captures). Using information theory and multi-model inference methods, along with the Pianka index, we evaluated the habitat characteristics influencing species distribution and their spatial niche overlap. To delineate daily activity patterns, we applied kernel density estimation. Our findings indicate minimal spatial overlap and distinct environmental factors determining suitable habitats for each species. Furthermore, we found significant temporal niche overlaps, indicative of synchrony in daily activity patterns, with both species showing peak activity at dawn and dusk. Our results indicated that oryx and gazelle differ in at least one dimension of their ecological niche at the current density levels, which contributes to their long-term and stable coexistence in STNP. Full article

Measurements of atmosphere density in the upper thermosphere and exosphere are of great significance for studying space–atmosphere interactions. However, the region from 200 km to 1000 km has been a blind area for traditional ground-based active remote sensing techniques due to the limitation of facilities and the paucity of neutral atmosphere. To fulfill this gap, the University of Science and Technology of China is developing a powerful metastable helium resonance fluorescent lidar incorporating a 2 m aperture telescope, a high-energy 1083 nm pulsed laser, as well as a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with high quantum efficiency and low dark noise. The system is described in detail in this work. To evaluate the performance of the lidar system, numerical simulation is implemented. The results show that metastable helium density measurements can be achieved with a relative error of less than 20% above 370 km in winter and less than 200% in 270–460 km in summer, demonstrating the feasibility of metastable helium lidar. Full article

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental autonomy support and children’s self-concept, and to explore the role of basic psychological needs in Chinese primary schools from the perspective of self-determination theory. A total of 3109 children aged 6–13 years participated in eastern China. The results indicated a significant correlation between parental autonomy support, basic psychological needs, and children’s self-concept. Basic psychological needs play a partial mediating role between parental autonomy support and children’s self-concept. Specifically, autonomy support varied by need types whereas parental control steadily played a negative predictive role. Parental autonomy support and control predicted children’s self-concept differently through three basic psychological needs, with differences across gender and grades. Boys and elder children had stronger relationships to competence needs, while girls were sensitive to autonomy needs; in addition, both of them were sensitive to relatedness needs. The mediating effects model and cross-group analyses revealed the complex predictive role of parental autonomy support on children’s self-concept in China, providing an effective entry point for cross-cultural research and family education to improve children’s psychological well-being. Full article

Conducting polymers like polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene with nanostructures offers several advantages, such as high conductivity, a conjugated structure, and a large surface area, making them highly desirable for energy storage applications. However, the direct synthesis of conducting polymers with nanostructures poses a challenge. In this study, we employed a hard template method to fabricate polystyrene@polypyrrole (PS@PPy) core–shell nanoparticles. It is important to note that PS itself is a nonconductive material that hinders electron and ion transport, compromising the desired electrochemical properties. To overcome this limitation, the PS cores were removed using organic solvents to create hollow PPy nanospheres. We investigated six different organic solvents (cyclohexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)) for etching the PS cores. The resulting hollow PPy nanospheres showed various nanostructures, including intact, hollow, buckling, and collapsed structures, depending on the thickness of the PPy shell and the organic solvent used. PPy nanospheres synthesized with DMF demonstrated superior electrochemical properties compared to those prepared with other solvents, attributed to their highly effective PS removal efficiency, increased specific surface area, and improved charge transport efficiency. The specific capacitances of PPy nanospheres treated with DMF were as high as 350 F/g at 1 A/g. And the corresponding symmetric supercapacitor demonstrated a maximum energy density of 40 Wh/kg at a power density of 490 W/kg. These findings provide new insights into the synthesis method and energy storage mechanisms of PPy nanoparticles. Full article

Background: Echocardiographic myocardial work is a new load-independent echocardiographic technique to quantify left ventricle (LV) systolic performance. Our aim was to establish normal values for echocardiographic myocardial work in a large population of healthy children. Methods: For all the subjects 4-, 2-, and 3-chamber-view videos were stored. The following parameters were obtained by offline analysis: the global myocardial work (GMW), the global myocardial constructive work (GCW), the global myocardial wasted work (GWW), and the global myocardial work efficiency (GWE). Age, weight, height, heart rate, and body surface area (BSA) were used as independent variables in the statistical analysis. Results: In all, 516 healthy subjects (age range, 1 day—18 years; median age, 8.2 ± 5.3 years; 55.8% male; body surface area (BSA) range, 0.16 to 2.12 m²) were included. GWI, GCW, and GWW increased with weight, height, and BSA (ρ ranging from 0.635 to 0.226, p all < 0.01); GWI and GCW positively correlated with age (ρ 0.653 and 0.507). After adjusting for BSA differences, females showed higher mean GWI (p = 0.002) and GCW values (p < 0.001), thus Z-score equations for gender have been presented. Conclusions: We provided MW values in a large population of healthy pediatric subjects including lower ages. MW values increased with age and body size and, interestingly, were higher in females than in men. These data cover a gap in current nomograms and may serve as a baseline for the evaluation of MW analysis in children with congenital and acquired heart diseases. Full article

Telerehabilitation (TR) shows promise as a method of remote service delivery, yet there is little guidance to inform implementation in the context of the National Health Service (NHS) in England. This paper presents the protocol for a realist synthesis study aiming to investigate how TR can be implemented to support the provision of high-quality, equitable community-based stroke rehabilitation, and under what conditions. Using a realist approach, we will synthesise information from (1) an evidence review, (2) qualitative interviews with clinicians (n ≤ 30), and patient–family carer dyads (n ≤ 60) from three purposively selected community stroke rehabilitation services in England. Working groups including rehabilitation professionals, service-users and policy-makers will co-develop actionable recommendations. Insights from the review and the interviews will be synthesised to test and refine programme theories that explain how TR works and for whom in clinical practice, and draw key messages for service implementation. This protocol highlights the need to improve our understanding of TR implementation in the context of multidisciplinary, community-based stroke service provision. We suggest the use of a realist methodology and co-production to inform evidence-based recommendations that consider the needs and priorities of clinicians and people affected by stroke. Full article

Honeycomb structures have attracted much attention for their excellent characteristics of reducing vibration and noise in recent years. In this study, through band analysis of different ligament structures, we aim to optimize the design of a steel structure that can isolate most of the noise in the 1500–5000 Hz range. The present study examines several different chiral structures. We calculate the band gaps of chiral structures under different geometric configurations and identify the variations in band gaps with geometric layouts. It is found that compared to other chiral structures, the triligaments chiral structure exhibits excellent band gap characteristics. The calculation results demonstrate that enhancing axial symmetry while filling central nodes can effectively enhance the structure’s band gap properties. Frequency–response functions of different lattice structures are computed, and the results align with the calculations of band structures. This study then analyzes the influence of the number of periods on the magnitude of vibration attenuation, revealing that under the same number of periods, the wider the band gap of the structure, the greater the vibration attenuation. Both the triligaments chiral structure and the vertical triligaments structure possess ideal band gap widths, effectively suppressing wave propagation. Subsequently, harmonic response analyses and transient wave calculations further validate the accuracy of the band structure and frequency–response curve calculations. Our study results provide a new way to design a sound insulation structure that can isolate noise signals within the frequency range from 1500 to 5000 Hz in engineering. Full article

This study aims to elucidate how—and the underlying significance of their doing so—Korean vocational high school students decide to pursue university education rather than entering the workforce. Drawing on autoethnographic journals, the research employs a combination of Chang’s descriptive-realistic, confessional-emotive, and analytical-interpretive writing methods to convey personal experiences, including the background of students and their motivations for opting for university. As an autoethnographer, I have encountered the societal perceptions of Korean vocational high schools, issues with school curricula, and misunderstandings surrounding employment. Over time, I chronicled the documented process of choosing university education, and this has been facilitated by conversations with the homeroom teacher; I have endeavored to elucidate the sociocultural implications of each student’s experience through interpretive methods. This study’s findings are anticipated to enhance the understanding of the fundamentals of career education in the realm of secondary vocational education and to offer a valuable reference for vocational high school educators on how to guide their students effectively. Furthermore, it should provide educational perspectives and fresh insights for vocational educators and researchers worldwide, thereby facilitating enhancements in career education policies and systems for vocational students. Full article

(1) Introduction: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a component present in the transport chain of mitochondrial electrons with antioxidant property. Currently, there are limited studies which indicate the effects of its supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). (2) Objective: This work was conducted to determine the effects of CoQ10 supplementation in women with MetS and NAFLD. (3) Methodology: This double-blind randomized clinical-controlled trial was performed among 22 women with MetS and NAFLD. Patients were randomized into two groups: group A (n = 11), which received 200 mg/day of CoQ10; and group B (n = 11), which received a placebo medication for 12 weeks. The hepatic steatosis present in NAFLD, the volume of abdominal fat, and visceral fat volume were evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Anthropometric, blood pressure, and marker serums that compound the MetS were also analyzed. (4) Results: A decrease in visceral fat volume (p = 0.02), abdominal circumference (p = 0.03/CI = 0.19–3.80), and increase in HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.01/CI = −9.80: −1.44) was observed in the CoQ10-supplemented group. We did not find significant changes in any of the other variables evaluated. (5) Conclusions: Supplementation with CoQ10 for 12 weeks, even if discreetly, brought some benefits for the supplemented group whereas no changes were observed in the control group. Full article

Thromboprophylaxis/anticoagulation treatment is often required in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of major bleeding events in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This was a retrospective observational study including all COVID-19 hospitalized patients ≥18 years of age at one reference center in northern Italy. The crude prevalence (between February 2020–2022) of major bleeding events was estimated as the number of major bleeding episodes divided by patients at risk. Uni- and multivariable Cox models were built to assess factors potentially associated with major bleeding events. Twenty-nine (0.98%) out of 2,945 COVID-19 patients experienced a major bleeding event [prevalence of 0.55% (95%CI 0.37–0.79)], of which five were fatal. Patients who experienced a major bleeding event were older [78 years (72–84 IQR) vs. 67 years (55–78 IQR), p-value < 0.001] and more frequently exposed to anti-aggregating therapy (44.8% vs. 20.0%, p-value 0.002) when compared to those who did not. In the multivariable Cox model, age [per 1 year more AHR 1.05 (CI95% 1.02–1.09)] was independently associated with an increased risk of major bleeding events. A strict monitoring of older hospitalized COVID-19 patients is warranted due to the risk of major bleeding events. Full article

Trees and shrubs belonging to the genus Juniperus L. are pivotal species in arid and semiarid ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere. However, unfavourable phenomena are observed in their populations due to global warming. We aimed to investigate the soil requirements, genetic diversity and population history of Juniperus sabina L. from Europe, Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan. Genetic resources were evaluated in 16 populations using nuclear microsatellites, while past demographic events were described based on the chloroplast DNA haplotypes. Seven chemical parameters in 36 soil samples from the European range of J. sabina were compared. In the studied area, three distinct phylogenetic lineages corresponding to different varieties of J. sabina, namely var. sabina, var. balkanensis, and the Asian variety, were revealed. Unimodal mismatch distributions and significantly negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs parameters indicated that the sabina and balkanensis varieties underwent a population expansion. Microsatellite variation was moderate, potentially influenced by inbreeding, clonal propagation, and limited gene flow between populations. Bayesian clustering revealed five genetic groups. Compared to var. sabina, the balkanensis variety occupies areas with significantly higher potassium content in the soil, which probably mitigates the adverse effects of drought in its localities. Full article

This research successfully synthesized SnO₂@ZnIn₂S₄ composites for photocatalytic tap water splitting using a rapid two-step microwave-assisted synthesis method. This study investigated the impact of incorporating a fixed quantity of SnO₂ nanoparticles and combining them with various materials to form composites, aiming to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production. Additionally, different weights of SnO₂ nanoparticles were added to the ZnIn₂S₄ reaction precursor to prepare SnO₂@ZnIn₂S₄ composites for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Notably, the photocatalytic efficiency of SnO₂@ZnIn₂S₄ composites is substantially higher than that of pure SnO₂ nanoparticles and ZnIn₂S₄ nanosheets: 17.9-fold and 6.3-fold, respectively. The enhancement is credited to the successful use of visible light and the facilitation of electron transfer across the heterojunction, leading to the efficient dissociation of electron–hole pairs. Additionally, evaluations of recyclability demonstrated the remarkable longevity of SnO₂@ZnIn₂S₄ composites, maintaining high levels of photocatalytic hydrogen production over eight cycles without significant efficiency loss, indicating their impressive durability. This investigation presents a promising strategy for crafting and producing environmentally sustainable SnO₂@ZnIn₂S₄ composites with prospective implementations in photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Full article

Global concrete production, reaching $14\times {10}^{13}$${\mathrm{m}}^3/$year, raises environmental concerns due to the resource-intensive nature of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) manufacturing. Simultaneously, $32.7\times {10}^9$ kg/year of expanded polystyrene (EPS) waste poses ecological threats. This research explores the mechanical behavior of lightweight concrete (LWAC) using recycled EPS manufactured with a hybrid cement mixture (OPC and alkali-activated cement). These types of cement have been shown to improve the compressive strength of concrete, while recycled EPS significantly decreases concrete density. However, the impact of these two materials on the LWAC mechanical behavior is unclear. LWAC comprises $35\%$ lightweight aggregates (LWA)—a combination of EPS and expanded clays (EC) — and $65\%$ normal-weight aggregates. As a cementitious matrix, this LWAC employs $30\%$ OPC and $70\%$ alkaline-activated cement (AAC) based on fly ash (FA) and lime. Compressive strength tests after 28 curing days show a remarkable $48.8\%$ improvement, surpassing the ACI 213R-03 standard requirement, which would allow this sustainable hybrid lightweight aggregate concrete to be used as structural lightweight concrete. Also obtained was a $21.5\%$ reduction in density; this implies potential cost savings through downsizing structural elements and enhancing thermal and acoustic insulation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy reveal the presence of C-S-H, C-(A)-S-H, and N-A-S-H gels. However, anhydrous products in the hybrid LWAC suggest a slower reaction rate. Further investigation into activator solution dosage and curing temperature is recommended for improved mechanical performance on the 28th day of curing. This research highlights the potential for sustainable construction incorporating waste and underscores the importance of refining activation parameters for optimal performance. Full article

A key aspect of mitigating global climate warming is enhancing the carbon storage capacity of terrestrial ecosystems. China’s Grain for Green Program (GFGP) is the largest ecological restoration project in the world, which is closely associated with land use change. A systematic assessment of the GFGP’s impact on regional carbon storage is of great significance for promoting regional development and maintaining ecosystem stability. Therefore, this study selects a typical dry-hot valley area—Yanjin County—as the study area, which serves as an ecological protection barrier in Southwest China. We employed the InVEST model and Geo-detector model based on land use data from three periods (2000, 2014, and 2019), combined with static overlay analysis methods, in order to evaluate the impact of the implementation of GFGP on the spatial and temporal distribution of carbon storage. We also explored the driving factors of the spatial differentiation of carbon storage. The results indicate that, since the implementation of the GFGP, a total of 180.03 km² of cropland has been converted to forestland, increasing the forest cover rate from 81.83% to 83.37%. The project has contributed 5.88 × 10⁵ t to regional carbon storage, effectively offsetting carbon emissions caused by human activities such as urban expansion while also promoting the growth of regional carbon storage. The implementation of the GFGP has led to changes in three types of land use. Among them, converting cropland to forestland (3262 t/km²) is the most effective carbon sequestration method, and converting cropland to grassland (2530 t/km²) has shown great potential in carbon sequestration. Additionally, the study found that elevation (0.038–0.059) is the main factor affecting the spatial differentiation of carbon storage, and the interaction between elevation and other factors can effectively enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of regional ecosystems. Overall, the GFGP not only plays a significant role in combating climate warming but also makes an important contribution to improving the stability and sustainability of regional ecosystems. Full article

With the rapid development of the intelligent driving technology, achieving accurate path planning for unmanned vehicles has become increasingly crucial. However, path planning algorithms face challenges when dealing with complex and ever-changing road conditions. In this paper, aiming at improving the accuracy and robustness of the generated path, a global programming algorithm based on optimization is proposed, while maintaining the efficiency of the traditional A* algorithm. Firstly, turning penalty function and obstacle raster coefficient are integrated into the search cost function to increase the adaptability and directionality of the search path to the map. Secondly, an efficient search strategy is proposed to solve the problem that trajectories will pass through sparse obstacles while reducing spatial complexity. Thirdly, a redundant node elimination strategy based on discrete smoothing optimization effectively reduces the total length of control points and paths, and greatly reduces the difficulty of subsequent trajectory optimization. Finally, the simulation results, based on real map rasterization, highlight the advanced performance of the path planning and the comparison among the baselines and the proposed strategy showcases that the optimized A* algorithm significantly enhances the security and rationality of the planned path. Notably, it reduces the number of traversed nodes by 84%, the total turning angle by 39%, and shortens the overall path length to a certain extent. Full article

In this study, we conduct a reliability characterisation study of cold standby systems. Utilising synthetic rectangular formulas and cold preparedness equivalent models for cold standby systems, we analyse the lifetimes of several typical configurations, including series, parallel, and k/n:m voting systems. This study proposes system equivalent models for various types of cold standby systems, all composed of components that follow the same exponential distribution. We use the equivalent model to determine the optimal timing for the use of cold spares and derive the reliability function and residual lifetime function for each type of system. To demonstrate the validity of our model, the Monte Carlo simulation is strategically designed based on the system failure rate function. The experimental results are then compared with those obtained from the numerical model, highlighting that the numerical method incurs a lower time cost. Full article

In this paper, a detailed mechanism is discussed for two processes: deNOx and deN₂O. An FAU catalyst was used for the reaction with Cu-Fe bimetallic adsorbates represented by a dimer with bridged oxygen. Partial hydration of the metal centres in the dimer was considered. Ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory were used. The electron parameters of the structures obtained were also analysed. Visualisation of the orbitals of selected structures and their interpretations are presented. The presented research allowed a closer look at the mechanisms of processes that are very common in the automotive and chemical industries. Based on theoretical modelling, it was possible to propose the most efficient catalyst that could find potential application in industry–this is the FAU catalyst with a Cu-O-Fe bimetallic dimer with a hydrated copper centre. The essential result of our research is the improvement in the energetics of the reaction mechanism by the presence of an OH group, which will influence the way NO and NH₃ molecules react with each other in the deNOx process depending on the industrial conditions of the process. Our theoretical results suggest also how to proceed with the dosage of NO and N₂O during the industrial process to increase the desired reaction effect. Full article

This paper explores the properties of multipliers associated with discrete analogues of fractional integrals, revealing intriguing connections with Dirichlet characters, Euler’s identity, and Dedekind zeta functions of quadratic imaginary fields. Employing Fourier transform techniques, the Hardy–Littlewood circle method, and a discrete analogue of the Stein–Weiss inequality on product space through implication methods, we establish ${\ell }^p\to {\ell }^q$ bounds for these operators. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between number theory and harmonic analysis in discrete domains, offering insights into the convergence behavior of these operators. Full article

The electro-hydraulic power source with an electro-hydraulic variable pump driven by a servo motor is suitable for electrified construction machinery. To achieve better energy efficiency in different working conditions, the multi-mode control scheme was proposed for the electro-hydraulic power source. The control scheme includes pressure control, flow control, and torque control modes. The switching rule among the three control modes was formulated based on the minimum pump pressure. The fuzzy PID controller was designed, and a composite flow regulation strategy was formulated, including the load-sensitive adaptive displacement regulation and servo motor variable speed regulation. The AMESim-Simulink co-simulation model of multi-mode control was established. The test platform was built, and the experimental study was carried out. The results indicate that the fuzzy PID control has a shorter response time and a more stable control effect compared with PID control. Additionally, the composite flow regulation strategy improves the flow regulation range by 36% and reduces the flow overshoot by 20% compared with the load-sensitive adaptive displacement regulation. As the main control valve received an opening step signal, the full flow regulation (7~81 L/min) of the power source took approximately 0.5 s to rise and 0.2 s to fall. The relative error of pressure difference for the main control valve was 0.63%. When receiving the pressure and torque step signal, the pump pressure and pump input torque both took approximately 0.45 s to rise and 0.2 s to fall. The relative errors of pump pressure and torque control were 0.2% and 0.16%, respectively. In the multi-mode control, the electro-hydraulic power source could switch smoothly between flow control mode, pressure control mode, and torque control mode. These results provide a reference for the multi-mode control of an electro-hydraulic power source with an electro-hydraulic variable pump driven by a servo motor. Full article

Urban runoff is acidic in nature and mainly consists of heavy metals and sediments. In this study, the pervious concrete samples were cured in a CO₂-rich environment and their performance under runoff conditions was evaluated by passing different solutions containing clay particles, heavy metal ions, and acid species. The compressive strength of these samples was reduced by up to 14% when they were cured in water instead of a CO₂ environment. Heavy metal ions, including lead and zinc, in the simulated runoff were adsorbed in these pervious concrete samples by up to 96% and 80% at the end of the experiment, but the acid species in this runoff could leach calcium ions from the cement components during passage. Clay particles in the runoff were trapped in the flow channels of samples, which marginally reduced the percolation rate by up to 14%. Concrete carbonation reduced the release of calcium ions under runoff conditions, and zinc removal was relatively lower because of the nonavailability of hydroxyl sites in the interconnected pore structure. The weight and strength losses in the carbonated concrete samples were relatively lower at the end of the acid storage experiment, suggesting that CO₂ curing reduces cement degradation in aggressive chemicals. The SEM and tomography images revealed the degraded microstructure, while the XRD results provided data on the mineralogical changes. CO₂ curing improves the strength gain and service life of pervious concrete in runoff environments. Full article

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria of the utmost importance are extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE). In this study, an evaluation of MDR bacteria in surgical intensive care units in a tertiary referral hospital was conducted. The study aimed to characterize β-lactamases and other resistance traits of Gram-negative bacteria isolated in surgical intensive care units (ICUs). Disk diffusion and the broth dilution method were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing, whereas ESBL screening was performed through a double disk synergy test and an inhibitor-based test with clavulanic acid. A total of 119 MDR bacterial isolates were analysed. ESBL production was observed in half of the Proteus mirabilis, 90% of the Klebsiella pneumoniae and all of the Enterobacter cloacae, P. mirabilis and Escherichia coli isolates. OXA-48 carbapenemase, carried by the L plasmid, was detected in 34 K. pneumoniae and one E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates, whereas NDM occurred sporadically and was identified in three K. pneumoniae isolates. OXA-48 positive isolates coharboured ESBLs belonging to the CTX-M family in all but one isolate. OXA-23 carbapenemase was confirmed in all A. baumannii isolates. The findings of this study provide valuable insight of resistance determinants of Enterobacterales and A. baumannii which will enhance surveillance and intervention strategies that are necessary to curb the ever-growing carbapenem resistance rates. Full article

The transport sector is under scrutiny because of its significant greenhouse gas emissions. Essential strategies, particularly the adoption of zero- and low-emission vehicles powered by electricity, are crucial for mitigating emissions in road transport. Pickups, which are integral to Mexico’s fleet, contribute to such emissions. Thus, implementing effective policies targeting pickups is vital for reducing air pollution and aligning with Mexico’s decarbonization objectives. This paper presents a simulation model based on system dynamics to represent the adoption process of zero- and low-emission vehicles, with a focus on pickups and utilizing data from the Mexican case. Three policy evaluation scenarios are proposed based on the simulation model: business as usual; disincentives for zero- and low-emission vehicles; and incentives for unconventional vehicles. One of the most significant findings from this study is that even in a scenario with a greater number of vehicles in circulation, if the technology is fully electric, the environmental impact in terms of emissions is lower. Additionally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis spanning a wide spectrum is undertaken through an extensive computational process, yielding multiple policy scenarios. The analysis indicates that to achieve a maximal reduction in the country’s emissions, promoting solely hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is advisable, whereas internal combustion engines, vehicular natural gas, and battery electric vehicles should be discouraged. Full article